How to Build Ansible Inventory for Scalable Infrastructure

Author

Govardhana M K
February 07, 2026

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TechOps Examples

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🧠 DEEP DIVE USE CASE

How to Build Ansible Inventory for Scalable Infrastructure

When you run anything in Ansible, it needs to know which machines to connect to. These machines are listed in what’s called an inventory file. A basic inventory file in INI format can look like this:

You can group servers by purpose, like webservers or databases. The [all:vars] section defines values that apply to every host, like the SSH user and key.

Ansible connects to remote machines over SSH to run tasks. Once the inventory is set, you can run an ansible ping command to verify SSH connectivity and confirm that Ansible can reach the target machine before running any actual tasks.

ansible 192.168.0.100 -m ping

Here’s what actually happens:

  • Ansible CLI receives the command with the target host and ping module

  • It consults the inventory file and loads relevant host details and variables.

  • The Ansible controller uses SSH to connect to the target machine.

  • The ping module is pushed temporarily to the host.

  • The host executes it and sends a JSON response like {"ping": "pong"}.

  • This result is sent back to your terminal, confirming connectivity and configuration.

It’s simple and powerful, but in dynamic environments, static host files don’t scale.

❝

The control node is the machine where you install and run Ansible.

A managed node is any remote machine that Ansible connects to and automates using SSH.

Having understood what an Ansible inventory is and how Ansible uses it to reach machines, let us see how this approach holds up when infrastructure starts changing frequently.

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